Novel Techniques to Study the Effect of Parapet Wall Geometry on the Performance of Piano Key Weirs

Piano key weirs (PKWs) with crown parapet walls effectively manage water levels and maximize storage. However, their efficiency is compromised by interactions between flow submerged outlets during rising levels. This study investigates novel wall designs to improve PKW performance reduce submergence effects. The experiment focuses on a fixed 12.6 cm weir height. Three configurations are tested: Mode 1 (walls all apex), 2 sides inlet), 3 along the sides). Each mode includes three profiles: rectangular (consistent form), triangular, trapezoidal (varying characteristics). Results indicate that design significantly affects level variations increasing 3, featuring triangular walls, demonstrates highest discharge capacity among examined profiles. coefficient correlates height form. Notably, in outperforms Modes when maintain an R/P ratio of 0.36. introduces innovative enhance efficiency. By implementing advanced configurations, significant improvements control can be achieved. These findings contribute state-of-the-art technology offer valuable insights for practical engineering applications.